The Autobiography of an Unknown Indian by Nirad C. Chaudhuri is a profound and introspective account of a man's journey through early 20th-century India. The narrative weaves the personal with the historical, using the author's life as a lens to explore the broader struggles of Indian civilization confronting British imperialism and modernity. Chaudhuri's intention is to present not merely a memoir but a historical testimony, highlighting the intersection of individual experience with societal evolution. His unique perspective, shaped by an exceptional and unconventional path, offers a vantage point akin to an aerial view--detached yet deeply connected to the land below. Written with unflinching honesty, the book delves into themes of identity, colonialism, and the trajectory of Indian society, emphasizing the tension between the dominant national currents and the often-overlooked exceptions that resist them. Addressing an English-speaking audience, Chaudhuri aims to provide insight into the forces that shaped India's trajectory under British rule and beyond. While his experiences are atypical, he argues that their value lies in their ability to illuminate the broader environment through a distinct, independent lens. Chaudhuri candidly critiques both the dominant narratives of his time and the leaders who guide nations into either growth or decline. Through his reflections, he not only grapples with the complexities of India's societal fabric but also examines the role of exceptional individuals who challenge or reinforce prevailing trends. This book stands as a bold declaration of faith in understanding history, culture, and personal identity amidst the relentless tide of change. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1968.