This first-of-its-kind one-stop music reference covers the nations of modern Southeast Asia: Burma, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia (Bali, Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, and the eastern islands), and the Philippines. It first offers a brief overview of the region's musics, focuses on prominent themes, discusses fundamental questions facing researchers, and examines the current state of musical scholarship in the region. It then systematically explores the music traditions of each country and ethnic group.