Rethinking Autism with Dolto takes up a principal legacy of Françoise Dolto's immense project--her conviction that autism is a regression to the archaic.Dolto theorizes that the infant in utero, deep in dreams, is receptive to the audition of "phonemes" during the pre-conscious "archaic stage" of psychosexual maturation. That dream-work on words--an idiosyncratic prehistory at the onset of mental and emotional life--secures the unconscious circulation of affect and the ontogeny of thought long prior to speech, seeding associative thinking and facilitating self-regulation. Kathleen Saint-Onge uses the written work of four nonverbal autistic authors in seeking corroboration for Dolto's formulations, finding thoughtful self-reflections that relate the experience of living in silence with relentless anxiety while relying on regression as a defence. Dolto's unprecedented insights into the infant's earliest learning carry formidable implications for autism interventions, and for primary language and literacy. At issue is an enduring susceptibility to archaic echoes--the haphazard, securing return of pre-invested phonemes--in communicative exchanges, including reading and writing.Rethinking Autism with Dolto considers unconscious processes as inherently reparative, heralding the responsibility education holds for human health, and supports a rethinking of autism that presumes competence. Readers are invited to new conversations in psychoanalysis, child development, education and linguistics through an exploration of the unconscious concomitants of first language acquisition.