This book examines how the voluntary organisations engaged with development programmes work with the approach of conscientisation to empower Adivasis. Their work has been instrumental in making government machinery pro-poor by implementing development programmes with greater transparency and accountability. Conscientisation of Adivasis by voluntary organisations through their educative role has resulted in the advancement of their lives and the emergence of autonomous leadership.The study concludes that the ideological base of the founders of the organisations made the Adivasis independent and self-supportive for their development from their earlier status of servitude through initiating and accomplishing the task of conscientisation.This title is co-published with Aakar Books. Print editions not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Bhutan)