The FBI, an agency of the United States Department of Justice, has investigated many famous cases concerning spies, terrorists, and criminals. For those cases considered particularly significant, the agency has prepared detailed written studies. This paperback edition presents the FBI's monograph concerning Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, an American couple accused of spying for the Soviet Union and of transmitting to them top-secret technology concerning the making of an atomic bomb. Around the time of their scheduled execution (1953), many people throughout the world thought they were innocent and tried to convince US authorities not to electrocute them.