Grammatical theory studies how language is structured. Key elements include syntax, which looks at how words form sentences and morphology, which examines how words are built from smaller units called morphemes. Semantics focuses on the meanings of words and sentences, while phonology deals with the sounds of language and their impact on grammar. Major approaches include generative grammar, which seeks universal rules for all languages and functional grammar, which examines how language is used to communicate. Cognitive grammar views language as part of our thinking process, construction grammar focuses on learned patterns of form and meaning, and dependency grammar studies direct word relationships in sentences. These elements help us understand and use language effectively. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to grammatical theory. The topics covered in this extensive book deal with the core subjects of linguistics. This book is meant for students who are looking for an elaborate reference text on how language works.