This book brings together a set of contributions through which it is possible to understand the recent evolution and the moment of disruption in which the textile and fashion industry finds itself. Considered for a long time as a traditional industry with a reduced technological component, its competitiveness is now imposed by technological dominance, both in terms of new materials or processes based on biotechnology, and in terms of data processing and digitalization of processes, from production to omnichannel distribution, the use of metaverse and Artificial Intelligence. In this book, the cases of the Zara and Shein brands, new materials and digitalization of processes along the entire value chain are analyzed. Everything is in transformation, including Fashion Education. All these changes will lead to questions about the circularity and sustainability of the industry.