This book investigates some of the key economic and societal transitions that define our contemporary world. Analysing financial contagion during crises, shifts in macro-financial linkages, transformations in gender equality and industrial structures, or the potential of fintech to foster intergenerational mobility, the authors seek to illustrate the forces reshaping economic systems and societal outcomes in emerging and industrialized countries. Particular attention is given to the relationship between Europe and Asia, with insights into the structural changes, including deindustrialization, energy transition, and gender inequality, seen within these parts of the world. The conference offered a space for lively debate and critical reflection on the varied but interconnected ways economies and societies have responded to new global conditions. The book can be read as a contribution to broader academic and policy debates. The book will be relevant to students, researchers, and policymakers interested in international economics and economic policy.