This book presents a comprehensive exploration of the interplay between cultural heritage, landscape, and sustainable development in the Mediterranean region. This book opens with a focus on Cultural Heritage, Landscape, and Identity, examining the material and symbolic dimensions of historic environments.The book also features rich case studies that highlight the relationship between natural and built heritage, including the Posta Fibreno Lake, the rock settlements of Monte San Giuliano, and the cultural significance of sites like Capo Colonna and Gerace. Also, this book addresses Adaptive Reuse and Sustainable Development of Cultural Landscapes, offering innovative strategies such as sustainable reuse of abandoned railways, circular regeneration plans for rural villages, and the balancing of natural preservation with urban and coastal development, including Venice's response to rising sea levels. In addition to this book delves into Nature-Based Solutions and Environmental Regeneration, showcasing tools for environmental offsetting, green infrastructure integration, climate resilience in Marzamemi, and the spatial impacts of tourism in Puglia and the Adriatic. In Technological Innovation, Energy and Environmental Sustainability, the book examines advanced methodologies --ranging from fuzzy logic models for energy systems to wildfire risk management and urban heat mapping --while also addressing accessibility and green mobility. Structural Safety, Material Innovation, and Conservation Technologies follows, highlighting digital tools in structural analysis, AI-powered crack detection, and sustainable construction materials such as cactus-based roof tiles. Finally, the book section on Sustainable Design, Regeneration, and Circular Economy Practices reflects on design and manufacturing synergy, public space revitalization, housing equity, and resource management, drawing lessons from both Mediterranean and international contexts. Together, these chapters of this book offer a rich, multidisciplinary approach to heritage preservation and future-oriented environmental and architectural practices.