This book offers a distinctive and compelling examination of artworks as vital historical documents, utilizing a multifaceted lens to delve into the cultural and artistic landscape of a particular era. By analyzing Papal commissions in Rome from the 15th to 17th centuries that notably incorporate Persian motifs, the book reveals the intentions of artists, the motivations of patrons, and the evolving styles and motifs across different cultures. Employs traditional art historical approaches but also extends beyond them, the book considers these artistic creations as significant contributions to the broader cultural heritage of the region. This book is a must read for scholars of Islamic studies and heritage studies.