This book provides medical technology entrepreneurs and their investors with a decision-making methodology based on the scientific approach that maximizes their chances of success. It enriches the understanding of valuation for medical startups, proposing an approach that moves the focus from the sophistication of the forecasting and financial methodologies to the quantitative importance of high-quality business assumptions and the economic impact of each critical business decision. It also provides a complete set of visual, organized, and compelling mental maps tailored to the business of medical technology innovation; maps that visualize and link the medical venture's decision-making and prediction problems. Their use minimizes the probability of overlooking critical decision problems on the path to successful execution while connecting them through a sequential and hierarchical framework. Finally, the book provides practical, real-life examples of how the scientific approach to decision-making can be used in medical technology startups outside the clinical trial area. The reader is left with various sets of valuable and practical tools that can be individually applied.