The present collective monograph contains the newest results of research in modern linguistics, translatology, literature studies, culture and history conducted by the leading scientists. Different aspects of studies of language facts in diachrony and synchrony. Special attention is given to the topical problems of the problems of literary borrowings, there were described specific features of a historical drama, lingual peculiarities of the Carpatho-Russians' periodicals. There were characterized the Serbian historical phraseology, the written norms of the bookish Bulgarian, the problems of Slavic anthroponymy, language and culture text-in-text analyses, the problems of Russian-Polish lexicography, interference, functional bilingual culture in literature, paronymy, lingual and cultural aspects of the subject category, multi-paradigmal approach in translator's text analyses, the Russian translations of speeches of Pope, the Slavic vector of the culturological and educational initiative group named after St. Ludmila, the problems of cross-cultural competence of the Slavic speakers, etc.