The initial training of the teacher-researcher is based on the assumption that the teacher will be more autonomous and observant of his or her pedagogical practice, linking teaching with research. The training of a new teacher requires their initiation into values, representations, knowledge and actions, and the teacher-researcher seeks to investigate their practice and resolve their challenges, without distancing themselves from theory. This means that teachers who investigate their practice can think about and even solve the challenges of their profession, setting out to transform their teaching practices, and that these attitudes can be incorporated from their initial training, lasting throughout their professional career.