The aim is therefore to provide a methodology for analyzing and preventing the risk of accidents. In this work, we propose to achieve this objective by developing accident scenarios linked to storage process failures, which will serve as the basis for the risk analysis method we have chosen FMEA in the FERTIAL fertilizer complex, a method based on inductive reasoning (causes After determining the subject of the study, several questions emerged that need to be resolved in this work.The aim of this research was to understand the mechanisms of industrial risk management. This research was based on bibliographical references and a concrete example: the study of a FERTIAL/Arzew ammonia storage tank. Among the limitations and problems we encountered during our research were tank wall fracture due to metal fatigue, atmospheric corrosion and stress corrosion cracking caused by ammonia.