This book presents the fundamental basis of the review carried out in the process of preparing a Master's thesis, presented and defended in 2013, within the Postgraduate Program in Contemporary Communication and Culture at the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), on the role and processes of character construction/conduction in documentary cinema, with a focus on contemporary Brazilian film production. This connection with national cinema is achieved through the analysis of three works: Santiago, by João Moreira Salles; Estamira, by Marcos Prado; and Nada con Nadie, by Marcos Pimentel.