This book presents a study of the role of the University of Pernambuco, Brazil, in its History course, in transforming the thinking of undergraduate students through the training it offers. It includes an approach to the context of teacher training in Brazilian universities at the beginning of this century, which is inscribed in a neoliberal sphere, based on authors who study the process of scientific knowledge construction; an analysis of the national guidelines developed by the Ministry of Education, under the new demands that today's society places on education; as well as the relationship between these official documents, the Pedagogical Project of the Course and its curriculum matrix. In addition, mixed questionnaires and interviews are used to present the ideas of teacher training students on the influence exerted by the University in their training process, with a view to observing the participation of the academic locus in the transformation of students' thinking and worldview, as well as contributing to the discussion on improving the training provided by UPE. The work is intended for university professors and undergraduate students to reflect on their education at an early stage.