This book delves into the transformation of organizational design and management in India. It emphasizes on the need for robustness, sustainability, profitability, and agility. It critically examines why many organizations in developing countries struggle to adapt to turbulent environments, often driven by neo-liberal values and systemic contradictions. It highlights issues, such as corporate fraud, declining public sector units, and India's slipping ranks in human development and environmental performance. Through a blend of research studies, case studies, and organizational theories, this book explores what works, what doesn't, and what needs to change. Contributions from researchers and industry professionals address organizational dynamics, design challenges, and new pathways for future viability. Offering valuable insights for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers, this comprehensive exploration is essential for understanding the complexities of modern organizational challenges and devising effective strategies for the future.