This book critically examines the dynamics of higher education in Vietnam within the context of global shifts, challenging the prevailing dichotomy of Global North and Global South. Focusing on the unique case of Vietnam, a nation shaped by diverse educational influences, the text investigates the country's higher education (HE) landscape, marked by a convergence of Eastern and Western ideologies. As globalization and the COVID-19 pandemic reshape the international education scenario, Vietnam's ability to navigate this transition, juxtaposed against Western counterparts, becomes a focal point. The authors delve into crucial governance aspects, scrutinizing the autonomy of leading Vietnamese universities across public and private sectors. Through case studies and empirical data, the book assesses the contemporary state of HE governance and quality assurance, shedding light on internal transitions catalyzed by pivotal policy implementations. Additionally, the book explores Vietnam's commitment to UN Sustainable Development Goal 4, unravelling features influencing higher education sustainability and potential risks demanding adaptive responses. As the book concludes, it addresses the intersection of artificial intelligence, exemplified by ChatGPT, and higher education governance, offering insights into the ethical implications of these technological advancements. This comprehensive exploration contributes a nuanced understanding of Vietnam's higher education landscape, emphasizing the necessity for dialogue and exchange between Global North and Global South in the pursuit of sustainable, quality education for all.