This book examines the health and nutritional status of adolescents in the Kamrup Metropolitan district of Assam, India, uncovering significant challenges marked by stark urban-rural disparities. Research highlights alarmingly high undernutrition rates, particularly prevalent in rural areas. Conversely, urban adolescents grapple with higher obesity rates, influenced by factors such as higher household incomes and frequent consumption of restaurant and school cafeteria food. Dietary intake across both urban and rural settings falls substantially below recommended levels, revealing critical deficiencies in essential nutrients like calcium, iron, and zinc. Common health issues include respiratory and digestive problems, physical pain, and menstrual irregularities. Notably, urban adolescents report higher incidences of fever and vomiting, while their rural counterparts suffer more from fatigue and menstrual discomfort. Encouragingly, nutrition education interventions have significantly enhanced nutritional knowledge and awareness among adolescents. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted nutritional interventions and comprehensive education programs to improve dietary practices and overall health among adolescents in this region. Addressing adolescent health is crucial, as these young individuals represent the future of our nation. Ensuring their well-being and development should be a priority, demanding conscious and dedicated efforts to secure a healthier and brighter future.