This book provides a comprehensive and evidence-based exploration of vaginal probiotics and their role in maintaining and restoring vaginal health. It examines the structure and function of the vaginal microbiome, emphasizing the importance of Lactobacillus-dominated flora in protecting against infection and supporting reproductive health. The text discusses common vaginal infections associated with microbial imbalance, including bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis, and highlights the limitations of conventional antimicrobial therapies. Drawing on current clinical evidence, the book analyzes the types of vaginal probiotics, their mechanisms of action, and their therapeutic applications across different stages of a woman's life, including pregnancy and menopause. It also addresses challenges related to formulation, regulation, and individual variability in treatment response. With a forward-looking perspective, the book explores emerging research, personalized probiotic approaches, and future directions in microbiome-based therapies. Written for students, researchers, and healthcare professionals, this book serves as a valuable resource for understanding and applying vaginal probiotics in modern women's healthcare.