This book provides a comprehensive and evidence-based exploration of vaginal probiotics and their vital role in women's health. It examines the vaginal microbiome as a dynamic ecosystem, emphasizing the importance of beneficial microorganisms in maintaining vaginal balance and preventing common gynecological disorders. Through a clear and systematic approach, the book discusses the causes and consequences of vaginal dysbiosis, the limitations of conventional antimicrobial treatments, and the growing need for microbiome-focused therapies. Drawing on current scientific research and clinical evidence, the book highlights the mechanisms, applications, and safety of vaginal probiotics in the prevention and management of conditions such as bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, urinary tract infections, and microbiome changes during pregnancy and menopause. It also addresses challenges related to probiotic formulation, regulation, and individual variability while offering insight into emerging trends such as personalized probiotic therapies. Designed for students, researchers, healthcare professionals, and anyone interested in women's reproductive health, this book bridges the gap between theory and clinical practice. It serves as a valuable resource for understanding how restoring and maintaining the vaginal microbiome can improve long-term health outcomes and enhance quality of life for women.